As we are all aware that cell banking is the process of storing specific genomes for the purpose of future use in case of a product or medical need. This is mainly done to advance the characterization of cells, which helps the specialist to mitigate cross-contamination of cells of cell lines.

This process helps scientists and professionals to reduce the cost of cell culture. As a result, many recognized organizations adhere to the ICH guidelines in terms of cell testing and banking

Culture in other worlds

Now you might ponder what is Cell culture,

Around the world human being have evolved so that we see the vast diversity of people with different races, colors, languages, and many behavioral patterns. This is what defines a culture.

But in the world of medical science, culture is identified as a group of cells that were designed and developed in a laboratory. This is where medical professionals and scientist use cultures to study the basic biological process to develop and test new medicine.

Origin of cell Culture.

Cultures or cells are developed by scientists in a laboratory, where they can be a bacterium or a human cell. In order to design a cell culture, medical professionals go through a very detailed process of planning and executing. Firstly, they add cells into a container with another mix of nutritional cells. This process will take some time which will allow the cells to divide among themselves. The nutritional elements or the recipe to create cell culture may differ from different companies to laboratories.

Once this process is done, the cells will start to mutate among themselves to form a cell culture. This process normally takes months to complete its mutation and to form a culture. If we look into Human cells it has a flaw where they will stop growing after a few weeks, so the scientist tweaks the process into divisions. So that they continue to grow

Benefits of Cell Cultures

Instead of using organisms for cell testing, Cell cultures have a lot of benefits. Scientists have greater control over experiments that were conducted using cultures instead of using research organisms. They have many benefits like

• To modify DNA to initiate the roles of certain genes
• Modify and monitor any part of a cell or cell environment
• To close track how a new medicine, toxin, or any other molecule reacts or affects one type of cell

These are the few advantages that we get when we work with cell cultures. This is why in biomedical research cell culture is a key tool. Which has led to many discoveries. These discoveries are seen in relation to cell growth and differentiation, gene functioning, and cancer cell biology. This is why medical professionals keep on testing with new medicine on culture rather than moving into more complex organisms. 

But not all the medicines that are tested and appear to work on culture are very much effective on humans because human bodies are more complex and have a higher rate of cell mutation within our system. Even though this is a major concern, culture helps them to narrow down the candidate medicines to check their efficiency and in evaluating their safety.

Although cell cultures and human cultures may seem very different at first glance, both enrich our understanding of the world.

Preservation of Cells

Once the cells are formed into the culture, the scientists make sure that they take the necessary precaution in storing these cells. This is where the Cell bank is brought into prominence. To ensure purity and the safety of these cell banks. As a result, they have implemented a detailed testing program. Relating through accurate risk assessments is considered a major part of cell testing.

In this process, the cells are considered top priority and are grouped together into different cell banks. So different cell cultures will have to undergo different testing stages depending on the cell type.

When it comes to testing a cell bank, the major area that is looked into are testing for mycoplasma and sterility. Which should be performed prior to bringing the cells into a clean laboratory. If we look into sterility testing it ensures that the cells are free from bacteria, and other micro and macro organisms and elements which can enter into the cell lines before contamination. So, Sterility testing is done under strict compendial methods. This allows the scientists to make sure that the laboratories are free from other elements before cell mutation. It is also very important that bacteria and fungicides testing is done/performed prior to sterility testing to access the sample matrix for inhabitation

Since cell mutation and cell implantation is a major part of the field of biomedical science, Cell testing and Cell Banking play a major role.

Conclusion

If we take a deeper look into the world of Cells, it is very evident that cell culture plays a vital role in cell growth.  As a result, many professionals tend to work with culture to find out new medicines and their efficiency among different human cells. As a result, cell culture plays the vital role of dividing each cell into groups. Also, when it comes to storing a cell a proper process is undergone which has many precautions to be undertaken to preserve it for further studies. This process is called cell banking. And the precautions that were taken to maintain the nature of the cell is called as cell testing                  

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By Nafhan Naseem, Jr. Social Media Executive & IT Support, GLC Europe, Colombo Office, Sri Lanka.